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Les harkis restés en Algérie: tabou et non-dits

March 1, 2017, 8:42 pm
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Episode 302

avec Pierre Daum
animée par Dorothée Myriam Kellou et Aurélie Perrier

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Depuis la fin de la guerre d’indépendance, la question des harkis agite les consciences en France comme en Algérie. Pierre Daum, journaliste au Monde Diplomatique et auteur du livre Le dernier tabou : les « harkis » restés en Algérie après l’indépendance, est parti à la rencontre de ces supplétifs de l’armée française et de leurs descendants. Dans cet épisode, il explore avec nous les non-dits et tabous qui entourent cette question : qui sont ces plus de 400,000 Algériens, qui à un moment ou un autre entre 1954 et 1962, se sont engagés aux côtés de la France? Quelles étaient leurs motivations, et quel fut leur sort suite à l’indépendance de 1962? Au fil de la discussion, Pierre Daum bat en brèche un certain nombre d’idées reçues sur les harkis et explore leur signification dans l’imaginaire français et algérien.

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Syrian Alawis under Ottoman Rule

March 4, 2017, 1:27 pm
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Episode 303

with Stefan Winter
hosted by Chris Gratien

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Although the Alawi communities of Syria have played an important role in the politics of the 20th century, the longer history of these communities has often been obscured by generalizations and discourses of mystification. In this episode, we talk to Stefan Winter about the history of the Alawis over the centuries, which is the subject of his new book A History of the ‘Alawis: From Medieval Aleppo to the Turkish Republic. In particular, we focus on the ways in which Syrian Alawis were incorporated into the Ottoman Empire and experienced changes in Ottoman politics and governance. We also examine the social and economic history of the Alawis during the early modern period and the encounter with modernity.

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Crimea and the Russian Empire

March 8, 2017, 8:53 pm
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Episode 304

with Kelly O'Neill
hosted by Chris Gratien and Erin Hutchinson

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For much of the early modern period, the Crimean Khanate was the staunch ally of the Ottoman state in its rivalry with the growing Russian Empire. In this regard, Crimea's annexation by Russia in 1783 represented an major historical departure. But as our guest in this episode, Kelly O'Neill, explains, the early period of Crimea's incorporation into the Russian Empire was characterized by continuities as well as ruptures. In this conversation, we explore the subjects of Islamic law and endowments in Crimea under Russian rule and issues of political identity, as well as the history of the Black Sea slave trade and O'Neill's historical GIS project about the Russian Empire called "Imperiia: Mapping the Russian Empire."

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Documenting the Destruction of Balkan Waqf Institutions

March 9, 2017, 6:44 pm
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Episode 305

with András Riedlmayer
hosted by Shireen Hamza and Gwendolyn Collaço

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The destruction of Ottoman-era waqf institutions in the Balkans during the wars of the 1990s was extensive, from masjids and tekkes to bridges and libraries. A bibliographer at Harvard's Fine Arts Library, András Riedlmayer, traveled throughout the region to document this destruction during and after the wars. In this podcast, Riedlmayer describes his work on waqf institutions in the Balkans and his testimonies about the destruction of culture for international war tribunals over the last two decades. We discuss the fate of antiquities during wars and the ethical implications for historians, collectors and museums.

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Frontiers of Nationalism in Eastern Europe

March 13, 2017, 10:08 am
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Episode 306

with Cristina Florea& Malgorzata Kurjanska
hosted by Chris Gratien and Maria Blackwood

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This episode examines new perspectives on the study of nationalism through a discussion of emerging themes in the history of Eastern Europe. We talk to two researchers about their ongoing projects concerning the history of nationalism in places that did not necessary fit the mold. Cristian Florea discusses the history of Bukovina, a borderland region that often found itself divided between multi-ethnic empires and during the 20th century, between emergent nation states. Malgorzata Kurjanska offers an introduction to her work on the historical sociology of Eastern Europe and her comparative study of civil society and elite competition multiple regions of former Congress Poland. In addition, we reflect on the value of studying the phenomenon of nationalism in "non-national" geographies and at the would-be margins of Europe.

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Les Jeunes Turcs: Sauver l'Empire et créer la Nation

March 22, 2017, 9:36 pm
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Episode 307

avec François Georgeon
animée par Aurélie Perrier et Andreas Guidi

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Cross-listed on The Southeast Passage

Le mouvement des Jeunes Turcs et la Révolution de 1908 bouleversent profondément le système multiethnique et multiconfessionnel de l’empire ottoman en établissant un nouveau cadre politique pour les identifications concernant l’ État et la Nation. Dans cet épisode, François Georgeon explore avec nous les origines et les principales transformations du mouvement Jeune Turc: qui sont ces révolutionnaires ? Sont-ils des libéraux ou des réactionnaires, et comment caractériser leur rapport au passé ottoman, aux institutions ottomanes et à la modernité ? Enfin, comment s’articulent les identités nationalistes et impérialistes qu’ils invoquent et quelles conséquences pour la notion du vivre ensemble au sein de l’empire Ottoman et dont la République Turque hérite ?

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Sabbatai Sevi and the Ottoman-Turkish Dönmes

March 26, 2017, 7:59 pm
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Episode 308

with Cengiz Şişman
hosted by Matthew Ghazarian

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In 1665, an Izmir-born Rabbi named Sabbatai Sevi (1626-76) was proclaimed to be the Jewish Messiah. His messianic movement attracted tens of thousands of followers and become known throughout the early modern world. Ottoman authorities, however, arrested Sevi in 1666, and, under duress, the charismatic leader converted to Islam. Many members of his movement followed suit and became the communities who today are called dönme (which literally means "convert"). After Sevi's death, dönme communities continued to outwardly practice Islam but inwardly retain practices of Judaism. In this episode, Cengiz Şişman talks about his research on the development of Sevi’s movement, the trajectories of dönme communities, and questions of conversion and communal boundaries, which became more pressing in the late nineteenth- and twentieth-centuries.

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Everyday Life and History in Ottoman Illustrated Journals

March 29, 2017, 7:25 pm
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Episode 309

with Ahmet Ersoy
hosted by Susanna Ferguson

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Photography came to the Ottoman empire almost as soon as it was invented in Europe. Over subsequent decades, however, techniques improved, cameras got cheaper and more portable, and photographic production, circulation, and collection in Ottoman lands moved outside of the rarefied circles of the elite studios and the state. In this episode, Ahmet Ersoy discusses one of the main media for this kind of vernacular photography--the illustrated journals of the late Ottoman empire. What can understanding the circulation of images in this form help us to understand about history, identity, and print culture in the late Ottoman Empire, as well as about how to study photography itself?

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The Nahda and the Translators of Damietta

March 31, 2017, 12:52 pm
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Episode 310

with Peter Hill
hosted by Nir Shafir and Shireen Hamza

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The “Nahda” is often seen as the beginning of the modern intellectual revival of the Arabs, when European Enlightenment ideas were adopted by Middle Eastern thinkers from the mid-nineteenth century onwards. In this podcast with Peter Hill, we discuss a circle of Syrian Christians in Damietta, Egypt who were actively translating Greek, Italian and French Enlightenment texts into Arabic in the first two decades of the nineteenth century, well before the start of the Nahda. Hill describes not only who these translators and patrons were, but also how this challenges diffusionist and connective conceptions of the intellectual history of the Middle East.

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Military Education and the Last Ottoman Generation

April 6, 2017, 5:45 pm
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Episode 311

with Michael Provence
hosted by Nir Shafir and Reem Bailony

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For much of the twentieth century, military officers have been the most successful political operatives in Middle East politics. In this episode we explore the conditions that gave rise to these figures from their schooling to the disingenuous colonial politics of the interwar mandates. Our guest, Michael Provence, speaks to us about the overlooked the military schools in the late Ottoman Empire that drew in an aspiring middling class of rural Muslims, quite different from the urban and urbane classes that attended the civil schools, and molded them into loyal imperial subjects. We then explore how these men navigated the complex politics of the post-war Middle East as the world that the empire they had championed for so long fell apart around them.
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Podcasting the Ottomans

April 25, 2017, 4:11 pm
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Episode 312

with Dana Sajdi and the students of Boston College
hosted by Chris Gratien

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More and more, podcasts are appearing on university syllabi. But is it possible to conduct an entire university course that revolves around the podcast medium? In this special episode, we sit down with Dana Sajdi and a class of over 20 students at Boston College who are enrolled in an experimental course entitled "Podcasting the Ottomans." In our conversation, we take a look inside the syllabus of a course in Ottoman history that relies primarily on episodes of Ottoman History Podcast, and we get feedback from students about their daily engagement with the podcast medium and some of the most popular episodes of our program. Our student guests also discuss their short-form podcast final projects and reflect on the joys of learning through podcasts.

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Season 6 Report

May 2, 2017, 9:55 am
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by Chris Gratien

Ottoman History Podcast grew significantly during Season 6. We released 69 episodes between July 2016 and the end of April 2017, making this season the most concentrated period of podcast releases in our short history. Our core Facebook audience has grown to around 29,000 fans. And in addition to the incorporation of more new OHP team members, overall traffic roughly doubled. But Season 6 has also been a period of transition for us as we try to adopt a more organized and streamlined production process and experiment with our platform to develop more engaging and creative content. In the months and years to come, our listeners can look forward to many new types of episodes that expand the format and coverage of our project.

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The Idea of the Muslim World

May 16, 2017, 7:16 am
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Episode 313

with Cemil Aydın
hosted by Chris Gratien and Abdul Latif

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In political discourses today, the “Muslim world” is evoked in a variety of contexts, ranging from pan-Islamic visions of political unity to a set of racist generalizations that present roughly a fifth of the world’s population as a monolithic whole. But as our guest in this episode, Cemil Aydın explains in his new book The Idea of the Muslim World, the very notion of a Muslim world is recent and requires historicization. In this episode, we explore the imagining of the Muslim World as a concept, tracing its early origins in the history of colonialism and the late Ottoman Empire and considering its transformation over the past century. We also discuss alternate geopolitical imaginaries and reflect on the implications of the racialization of Muslims.

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Jewish Salonica and the Greek Nation

May 18, 2017, 9:52 pm
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Episode 314

with Devin Naar
hosted by Nir Shafir and Oscar Aguirre-Mandujano

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Salonica was home to one of the largest Jewish communities in the Ottoman and post-Ottoman world until its liquidation by the Nazis in 1943. Historians often mark the beginning of the end of the Jewish community in 1913 when the city was annexed by Greece. Devin Naar challenges this presumption in this podcast by looking at how the Jewish community continued to flourish and adapt as part of the new Greek nation-state. Ultimately, the community was both sustained and limited by its continued use of the millet structure from the late nineteenth-century Ottoman Empire and its strong attachment to the city as a political space. As such, the interwar history of the Salonican Jews becomes an important study of the legacies of the Ottoman Empire and the types of politics it continued to create well into the twentieth century.

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Early French Encounters with the Ottomans

May 22, 2017, 4:59 pm
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Episode 315

with Pascale Barthe
hosted by Nir Shafir and Michael Talbot

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Orientalist representations loom large in the history of 19th-century colonialism and European engagement with the late Ottoman Empire. But how did the orientalist discourses of the late Ottoman period compare with European representations of the Ottoman Empire during its early rise? In this episode, Pascale Barthe revisits this question through the lens of 16th century French encounters with the Ottoman Empire. Through Renaissance period French accounts of travel in and political engagement with the Ottoman Empire, we discuss early Franco-Ottoman rapprochement and cross-cultural exchange pursued by French monarchs and subjects with the would-be eastern other of the "Turk."

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Late Ottoman Translations of Ibn Khaldun

June 15, 2017, 11:09 am
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Episode 316

with Kenan Tekin
hosted by Chris Gratien

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Among the many important medieval texts written in Arabic, few have received more attention from scholars in Europe than The Muqaddimah, an introduction to history by the 14th-century North African writer Ibn Khaldun. In this episode, we explore another of arena for reception of Ibn Khaldun, the Ottoman Empire, with our guest Kenan Tekin. We examine Ottoman translations of Ibn Khaldun's Muqaddimah, especially that of the 19th-century statesman and scholar Ahmet Cevdet. In our discussion of Cevdet's translation of and commentary on Ibn Khaldun's work, we explore the intellectual engagement of Ottoman Tanzimat-era thinkers with ideas from the past centuries of Islamicate scholarship and consider Cevdet's late Ottoman work as an early example of writing about the history of science.
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Beekeeping in Late Ottoman Palestine

June 19, 2017, 10:51 am
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Episode 317

with Tamar Novick
  hosted by Chris Gratien

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The history of late Ottoman Palestine and the changes in settlement, agriculture, economy and politics that occurred there remain a subject of great interest for historians of the Middle East. In this episode, our guest Tamar Novick introduces a new approach to that history using the lens of ecology. We explore changes in late Ottoman Palestine through enivoronment and human-animal relations and in particular, the transformation of beekeeping practices that arrived with Europeans during the late 19th century. We learn about how the introduction of moveable hives transformed the relationship between beekeepers, bees, and the landscape, and we consider how European settlers saw in the bees of the Holy Land a unique animal stock that could be developed and possibly exported elsewhere while simultaneously casting the bee and apiculture in Ottoman Palestine as a site of technological intervention.

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Indian Ocean Connections

June 21, 2017, 10:46 am
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Episode 318

with Nidhi Mahajan& Jeffery Dyer
hosted by Chris Gratien and Shireen Hamza

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Long before European contact with the Americas forged transoceanic networks and connections in the Atlantic and Pacific, the Indian Ocean served as a maritime space that connected the many states, economies, and communities of its vast basin stretching from East Africa to Southeast Asia. In this multi-part episode, we follow this maritime space into the modern period, exploring the endurance of Indian Ocean connections. We discuss how commerce and politics fueled the expansion of the Ottoman diplomatic presence in South Asia, and we consider how lingering connections between East Africa and the Indian Ocean world forged by dhow traffic reveal both continuities and transformations in the history of economy, mobility, and empire along the coasts today.

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Inclusion and Exclusion in Islamic Modernist Thought

June 22, 2017, 1:14 pm
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Episode 319

with Teena Purohit
hosted by Shireen Hamza and Chris Gratien

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The rise of Islamic modernist movements from the 19th century onward brought two potentially contradictory processes. On the one hand, Muslim thinkers began to imagine an increasingly global Muslim community unified by identity that might transcend many of the communal and political divisions of the day. On the other hand, in seeking to delineate the parameters of modern Islam, such thinkers were impelled to account for the great diversity and heterogeneity within Islamic beliefs and practices. In this episode, we speak to Teena Purohit about her ongoing research on this very subject. Specifically, we discuss the case of Muhammad Iqbal, one of most important Muslim scholars in British South Asia, and his treatment of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and the Ahmadiyya movement. Through Iqbal's writing on the Ahmadis and other movements of the period, we examine both the religious and political implications of modernist debates about inclusion and orthodoxy in Islam.

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Ottoman New York

June 24, 2017, 7:30 am
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Episode 320

featuring Bruce Burnside&Sam Dolbee

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The distance between the shores of the Ottoman Empire and New York City may be great, but, as this episode suggests, a great many connections exist between these places, too. This episode explores both the everyday lives of those hailing from the Ottoman domains over several centuries in the Big Apple, as well as the perceptions New Yorkers and Americans more generally had of the Ottoman Empire. Through visits to sites across the island of Manhattan, we shed light on the long and largely forgotten shared history of the Ottoman Empire and New York City, and we find it in unlikely places – such as a modest walk-up apartment on the Upper East Side – as well as in the shadow of New York landmarks like 1 World Trade Center and the Stonewall Inn.

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